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In recent years, as a new type of thermal insulation material, aerogel felt has been widely used in oil and gas transmission, steam pipeline and process pipeline in petrochemical industry, which can effectively protect the heat loss of pipeline medium during transmission.
At present, the materials mainly used for pipeline insulation include calcium silicate, composite silicate, rock wool, etc. The thermal conductivity of these insulation materials will increase significantly with the rise of environmental temperature and humidity. To meet the requirement of not exceeding the maximum allowable heat loss, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the insulation material. Using a thicker insulation layer can have a significant impact on the transportation, construction, and usage space of materials.
Therefore, adopting advanced and efficient insulation materials for energy-saving technology transformation of thermal pipelines, reducing the thickness of insulation layers, and minimizing pipeline heat loss are important areas for energy-saving insulation of thermal pipelines.
The pore size of gel is lower than the average free path of air molecules under normal pressure, which can make the air molecules in the pores of gel nearly static, avoiding the convection heat transfer of air. The very low volume density of gel and the bending path of nano network structure also prevent the gas and solid heat conduction, and the pore walls tending to be "infinite" can minimize the heat radiation. Through the combined action of three aspects, the way of heat transfer is almost blocked, making the aerogel achieve a very outstanding thermal insulation effect, even far lower than the thermal conductivity of 0.025W/(m · K) of static air at room temperature, reaching below 0.013W/(m · K).
Compared with traditional thermal insulation materials, the thermal conductivity of silica aerogel thermal insulation blanket is only 1/3~1/5 of that of traditional thermal insulation materials, and its thermal insulation capacity is 2~8 times of that of traditional materials; It has excellent fire and water resistance, good tensile and compressive strength, and chemical stability.
According to the paper Application and Performance Analysis of Silica Gas gel Thermal Insulation Felt, the atmospheric coking unit of Sinopec Tahe Refining Chemical Co., Ltd. uses the traditional type III high-temperature glass wool felt thermal insulation material, and the subsequent pipeline thermal insulation structure transformation uses the combination of silica gas gel thermal insulation felt+single-sided aluminum foil glass fiber cloth thermal insulation material. Through comparative analysis and calculation before and after the transformation of high-temperature pipelines, the paper shows that:
(1) The heat loss is reduced by 34.66% with the use of silica aerogel thermal insulation felt, and the energy-saving effect is obvious;
(2) As a new type of thermal insulation material, silica aerogel thermal insulation blanket has significantly better thermal insulation performance than traditional thermal insulation materials, which is highlighted by the fact that the temperature difference between the starting and ending points of thermal pipelines is significantly lower than that of traditional thermal insulation materials, and the thickness of thermal insulation layer is reduced by more than 50% compared with that of traditional thermal insulation materials.
Therefore, as a new type of thermal insulation material, silica aerogel thermal insulation felt has the properties of fire protection, heat insulation, water resistance, ultra-low thermal conductivity, and long service life, and is an ideal choice for high-temperature pipelines in oil refining enterprises.
